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01 January 2019Volume 7 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Reliability and Validity of Chinese Version of Unmitigated Agency and Communion Scale ZHANG Ran, BI Chongzeng, Alexander UNGER Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  2-8.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.001 Abstract ( 427 )   PDF（pc） (571KB) ( 555 )   Save There are two fundamental content dimensions in social cognition: Agency and communion. Agency refers to the pursuit of individuality, while communion drives people into groups. The two dimensions play important roles in personality and social psychology. In order to provide a measurement of behavioral orientation in fundamental dimensions, the current study aims to revise the scale measuring unmitigated agency and communion which published by Wojciszke and Szlendak in 2010. After ten items were deleted from the original version, the Chinese version of the unmitigated agency and communion scale resulted in high reliability and validity. Two factors are meaningful with high commonality and factor loading items. The unmitigated agency and communion are highly correlated with corresponding values. Group difference supports the validity of this scale: female show higher unmitigated communion than male, while male show higher unmitigated agency than female. These results showed the revised unmitigated agency and communion scale can be used in Chinese context. Related Articles | Metrics

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Electrophysiological Evidence for Difference in the Semantic Processing of Communal and Agentic Words HAN Mengfei, Oscar YBARRA, BI Chongzeng Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  9-16.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.002 Abstract ( 291 )   PDF（pc） (1848KB) ( 623 )   Save Previous research on social judgment has organized person descriptive terms into two fundamental dimensions: communion and agency. The communion dimension refers to other-profitable characteristics, while agency refers to self-profitable ones. It has been shown that communal information is preferentially processed over agency information in earlier stages of information processing (recognition and categorization). There is no data to show if the processing advantage appears at the level of semantic processing. The current study included two tasks. In the first, we asked participants to indicate (recognize) whether the presented Chinese characters were words or non-words. And in the second task, they were asked to categorize communal and agentic words as positive or negative in valence. We examined the temporal characteristics of recognition and categorizing processes using a high temporal resolution ERP technique. When categorizing in terms of valence, participants exhibited larger N400 amplitudes for agentic than communal words, which is in line with the faster processing and cognitive advantage of communal information. However, the N400 latency evoked by communal words was significantly longer during the recognition task, which is inconsistent with the expected processing advantage of communal information. Together the findings suggest that the preferential processing of communal information may appear on the deep semantic processing stage. Related Articles | Metrics

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What Kind of Person Prefers Zhongyong Thinking?—A Preliminary Description in the Fundamental Dimensions of Social Cognition LI Zixuan, WANG Xiaogang, BI Chongzeng Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  17-22.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.003 Abstract ( 662 )   PDF（pc） (545KB) ( 748 )   Save Zhongyong has a profound and extensive practice in Chinese civilization and has so far profoundly affected peoples lifestyle. However, there is still a lack of portrayal of the characteristics of the believers and practitioners after Zhongyong Thinking Mode. This paper uses the fundamental content dimensions of social cognition as a framework to describe the features of the Zhongyong thinkers. The results show that the communion in the fundamental content dimensions of social cognition has a much closer relationship with Zhongyong Thinking Mode, and the prominent image of the Zhongyong thinkers is about Community. As Zhongyong Thinking Mode is an integral part of Zhongyong, the future research still needs to depict the self-image and public image of the Zhongyong thinkers from all aspects of values to behavioral practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Afterlife Belief in 4～6 Year Old Children: The Role of Parents Afterlife Belief and Parent-child Conversation about Death YU Meng, YU Chenfang, SU Yanjie Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  23-33.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.004 Abstract ( 458 )   PDF（pc） (640KB) ( 421 )   Save The current article examined childrens afterlife belief and explored its relationship with parents afterlife belief and parent-child conversation about death. Study 1 aimed to revise the Chinese versions of Belief in Afterlife (BA) Scale and Parental Disclosure with Children about Afterlife (PDCA) Scale. Exploratory factor analysis of each scale was done with 293 and 168 participants, respectively, and confirmatory factor analysis with 300 and 172 participants, respectively. The revised scales have good reliability and validity. In Study 2, 55 children aged 4 to 6 and their parents participated in the lab session. After watching a puppet show, Children were asked a series of questions to complete the Afterlife Belief Task. Parents were invited to complete BA and PDCA scales. The results showed that children scored significantly lower in emotion, desire and epistemic dimensions than in biology, psychobiological and perceptual dimensions, that parents' belief in afterlife could predict children's perception of death and their afterlife belief. Parent-child conversation about death was a mediator between parents' and children's afterlife belief. It was suggested that parents' beliefs had important influence on the development of children's beliefs, and it was of practical significance for life education to talk about death in appropriate ways, which might promote children's perception of death. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effect of College Students' Shame on Prosocial Behavior YAO Wei, WANG Liusheng, LI Hao Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  34-38.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.005 Abstract ( 568 )   PDF（pc） (541KB) ( 855 )   Save The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of different types of shame on prosocial behavior. Two experiments were conducted. The results showed a significant differences in prosocial behavior between the shame condition and the control condition, and no difference existed between the effect of self shame and that of transferred shame. The shame could promote prosocial behavior, and the effect of self shame was the similar to that of transferred shame. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Relationship between College Students' Personality Traits and Well-being: The Mediating Effect of Purpose in Life JIANG Liumin, ZHANG Rongjuan, ZHANG Qiuju Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  39-44.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.006 Abstract ( 432 )   PDF（pc） (559KB) ( 682 )   Save To probe into the relationship between college students personality traits and well-being, and the mediating effect of purpose in life between them. 414 college students were measured with extraversion and neuroticism subscales of EPQ-RSC, Purpose in Life Test, Satisfaction with Life Scale and Flourishing Scale. The results showed that: extraversion, purpose in life, satisfaction with life and flourishing, all of which were negatively correlated with neuroticism, were positively correlated with each other; There were significant direct effect of extraversion on well-being and significant indirect effect through purpose in life; There was only significant indirect effect of neuroticism on well-being through purpose in life. Extraversion could predict well-being both directly and indirectly through the mediation effect of purpose in life, while neuroticism only influenced indirectly well-being through purpose in life. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Influence of Neighboring Trust on Myopic Decisions in Low-income Groups Li Ziwei, Yu Yonghong Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  45-51.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.007 Abstract ( 313 )   PDF（pc） (629KB) ( 566 )   Save It has been shown that poverty leads to myopic behaviors in many studies. By introducing the neighboring trust, this study aims to verify that the neighboring trust can reduce the short-sighted behaviors in the low-income groups. Three studies are conducted to explore the hypothesis. The results show that: for low-income groups, the group with high neighboring trust is more inclined to the long-term decisions than the opposite group, while there is no significant difference in the high-income groups. Our result is beneficial to social governance, which enlighten us that we can reduce the short-sighted behaviors of low-income groups and the vicious circle of poverty by building trust between neighborhoods. Related Articles | Metrics

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Suicide of the Fittest？The Adaptation Theory of Suicide and Relevant Research ZHAN Ze, WU Baopei Psychology: Techniques and Application. 2019, 7 (1):  52-64.  DOI: 10.16842/j.cnki.issn2095-5588.2019.01.008 Abstract ( 381 )   PDF（pc） (737KB) ( 706 )   Save Suicide is a puzzling social phenomenon. In this paper, the adaptation theory of suicide by de Catanzaro (1991) based on evolutionary psychology is reviewed comprehensively. The adaptation theory of suicide proposes that, suicide is most likely to occur when the ability to achieve inclusive fitness for an individual reduces sharply. Three hypotheses are induced based on this theory. First, people with high IQs are more likely to commit suicide. Second, suicidal behavior, to some extent, is heritable. Third, evolutionary and proximate cues suggesting reduced ability to promote inclusive fitness may be related to suicide ideation and behavior. Large number of empirical studies give support for these hypotheses, thus provide preliminary support for the adaptation theory of suicide. Researchers may explore further following the potential directions in this field. Researchers in computer sciences can test the adaption theory of suicide directly using simulation processes, while field workers can provide special data to test the theory. Psychologists should also address the potential link between cues connoting inclusive fitness changes and psychology of suicide. Sex differences should be included in these examinations. It should be taken into account that which type of suicide can be interpreted by the adaptation theory of suicide. Related Articles | Metrics