关键词: 公益慈善；捐赠；社会困境；合作

Abstract: Research on social dilemmas has demonstrated that individuals are willing to contribute to charitable causes and those in different social status act in different ways to make contributions. According to indirect reciprocity theory, because of upstream reciprocity those in low social status are willing to donate more money when they feel more gratitude, whereas because of downstream reciprocity those in high status tend to be more generous in their donations when they hold a stronger belief in reciprocity. Moreover, trust is identified as a key step to achieve reciprocity. However, only altruistic motives induce trust and thereafter charitable commitment, whereas egoistic motives evoke those in high status to commit to make donations. In sum, charitable causes should recognize the importance of various individuals ability and willingness of cooperation, as well as their diverse motivations.

Key words: philanthropy; charitable giving; social dilemmas; cooperation