The revival of scientific convergence science research promotes humanity to further advance on the path of reshaping life forms. As an attempt to move towards the Life 3.0 stage, cognitive enhancement integrates many disciplines such as cognitive science, neuroscience, biology, genetics, etc., and intervenes or transforms the human brain based on neuroplasticity. Based on its convergence research background, cognitive enhancement can be divided into four technical paths: pharmacological enhancement, genetic enhancement, neural stimulation enhancement, and cyborg enhancement. Each path has a solid research foundation and diverse application scenarios. The development of emerging technologies challenges the traditional binary human-technology relationship, and the relationship between human and technology gradually develops from “discrete” to “symbiotic”. In the future, the arrival of the Singularity will announce that we will officially enter Life 3.0 and open a new chapter of the human-technology relationship.