关键词: 疼痛；急性疼痛；虚拟现实技术；注意分散；情绪

Abstract: Pain is a complex multidimensional subjective experience that can be divided into acute pain and chronic pain. Acute pain is a recent and shortlived pain that is associated with surgical trauma, tissue damage, or certain state of the disease. Virtual reality technology has shown superior pain relief in both clinical practice and laboratory research. Most researches used the continuation of the basic principle of nonpharmaceutical pain relief method, which believed that the analgesic mechanism of virtual reality technology limited cognitive resources, but ignored the virtual reality technology in the process of using positive emotions could also induce patients painful feeling. This study combed the existing virtual reality technology relieving acute pain of clinical and laboratory researches and discussed the mechanism of cognitive processing and emotional processing. Then we set up virtual reality relieving acute pain model. Finally, selected future research directions are discussed, particularly exploration of own defects of virtual reality; dualtask interference; evolutionary advantage in pain processing; the advancement of the coping style and the combination of virtual reality and EEG technology in the study of analgesia.

Key words: pain; acute pain; virtual reality; distraction; emotion