关键词: 规则违反, 认知适应, 他人影响, 学习策略, 惩罚

Abstract:

Violation of the rules occurs frequently in human daily life. Research in psychology and behavioral economics has demonstrated that rule violation can affect people’s perception and judgment, and lead to socially undesirable behaviors and self-interested behaviors. Three mechanisms have been provided to explain the psychological and behavioral effects of rule violation: cognitive mechanisms explain people’s cognitive processes and active adaptation to rule violations, social influence mechanisms emphasize the impact of others and social norms, and social learning mechanisms emphasize the effect of social learning strategies and reinforcement in social interactions. Future research should integrate existing theories, further investigate the cognitive mechanisms of rule violation, explore dynamic characteristics of social influence and learning after various rule violations, and try to improve external validity of experimental research.

Key words: rule violation, cognitive adaptation, influence of others, learning strategy, punishment